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BRAIN Here's how memories are formed when the stopped by a photo

Highlighted when the translation of the protein responsible for the formation of memory. The study will be used to develop treatments for degenerative diseases and aging neuronal SARA Ficocelli

PHOTOS memories, capture an image with the neural mechanism that is repeated all times that our brain stores data and puts it in a database memory: Scientists have managed the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital in tandem with colleagues from McGill University and the University of California at Los Angeles. They captured the moment in which makes the translation mechanism of the protein responsible for the formation of long-term memory. This is the first such experiment carried out successfully, and is the visible proof of the fact that every time a memory that forms new proteins are produced in the synapse, the structure that enables communication between neurons. This mechanism increases the strength of synaptic connections and strengthens memory. The study, published in the journal Science, is fundamental to understanding how to create paths of memory and the ability to monitor in real time will understand in detail how the memories are born. According to the scientists behind the characteristics of human memory are two: stability and flexibility. The first is fundamental to keep the information in time and the second allows the brain to learn and adapt to reality. And 'why the research focused on synapses, headquarters for the exchange and storage of data in the brain. These structures form a very wide network of connections and on the move: the ability of our nervous system to modify the operating efficiency of these connections between neurons and establish a new rule out other fact is that synaptic plasticity. This property allows change the system to function and structure in the long term and dependent on events that affect it, as, of course, experience. For this reason, the synaptic plasticity is the property that is the neurobiological basis of the phenomenon of memory and learning.

"But if this network is constantly changing, as are fixed then the memories, how they are formed? An important phase in the formation of long-term ones, you know, is the translation, or the production of new proteins in the synapse, going to strengthen the connection mechanism and at the same time the memory, but no one had ever translated into images that process - Wayne Sossin says neuroscientist, co-author of the study - It 's here that we began: the detector using a translation, or a fluorescent protein that can be easily intercepted and tracked, we see an increase in local protein synthesis during formation of a memory. The most interesting thing is that this translation is closely related to the mechanism of synapse needs to be accomplished and the activation of post-synaptic cell: this shows the need for cooperation between the two moments that make up the synapse, the pre-and post, and then a connection between the two parts of the neurons in this process meet. And 'this activity that we photographed. "The discovery made by Sossin and his research team will serve to improve understanding of the processes that underlie the formation of our memories and will be useful, the scientists point out, for the development of therapies to correct the problems of loss or memory impairment, from normal aging to more complex neuronal degenerative diseases.

Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz Christmas

There once was a young, big tree, was sown in spring and the earth mother had protected him, nurtured and helped to grow. He was happy, she had beautiful leaves, colorful flowers and large juicy fruit; its branches moved with agility, its trunk was healthy, its roots firmly in the ground, were the bearers of great vitality and stability.

But one day the tree began to feel tired and lonely, for fear of not being appreciated as the nearby oak to be misjudged because its fruits were not as good as those of nearby peach. He felt guilty because they saw a different and lower than the other trees in the garden and was afraid of this feeling of inadequacy. He did not know how to deal with this situation, he felt too weak and insecure to cope with these negative emotions. The tree felt worse and worse and thought Perhaps that was eating differently and began to sink its roots in the Yellow River, had the impression that he did feel better, stronger. In fact in a few days and a few cold nights he found himself completely alone, he noticed that the leaves were falling left, that the stem while the roots grew old quickly sucked poison the tree seemed to die, he was destroying.

The only thing still alive, who resisted, were the roots, though covered with wounds.

In a lucid moment the tree firm said to himself: "I have to give me to do."

Thus began to ask for advice to all his friends to find out how he could regain his strength. Everyone expressed their views, but no one could solve the problem of the tree that he felt discouraged and tired. Just as he was about to fall asleep, passed by a gnome. The sight of that tree so bare, weakened by cold and rain, he stopped and asked what was going on.

The tree told him the whole story. The gnome stood with him. He stopped in his silence, he listened, he felt his pain.

Then the tree spoke again and said: "It seemed to me to close my eyes and, after they reopened, I have not found my leaves, I have not been able to see them."

The gnome thought hard, then he realized: he took off his glasses and laid them on the nose of the tree, explaining that they were magic sunglasses that were used to see inside.

The tree, then opened your eyes and .... Wonder. ... There is something he saw that he moved, he heard a noise, he saw something move, tried to listen, looked at in depth: it was lymph sap alive than moved into it.

Incredulous said to dwarf what we saw. The gnome told him that the leaves, flowers and fruits are born thanks to the sap that is in us, supported by external elements.

"If you see the sap that you have inside you, you can have it all, without having to depend on others: the leaves reborn thanks to the sap that you have in you: you have inside."

The branch is now felt stronger, strengthened, had the sap itself, no longer had to depend on the advice of others, the experience was enough to let the sap that flowed into it to see her friends reborn leaves.

At last the sun had returned, the tree he felt alive again and said to himself: "Since I can not be other than what they are, I will try its best manifestation of myself."